Новые публикации

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2024.110844

In this study, particles of synthetic undoped diamond (D_N) obtained via the high pressure – high temperature method were coated with a nickel shell using metallic nickel plasma in a two-jet plasma generator with gas vortex and magnetic flux stabilization. Through the use of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we observed the formation of a nickel diamond composite with a core-shell structure, where D_N serves as the core and Ni nanoclusters form the shell (D_N@Ni). The results of voltammetric analysis indicated that D_N@Ni, when deposited on a graphite electrode, exhibited significant electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of methanol and paracetamol in an alkaline electrolyte.

https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202318401

Zero area compressibility (ZAC) is an extremely rare mechanical response that exhibits an invariant two-dimensional size under hydrostatic pressure. All known ZAC materials are constructed from units in two dimensions as a whole. Here, we propose another strategy to obtain the ZAC by microscopically orthogonal-braiding one-dimensional zero compressibility strips. Accordingly, ZAC is identified in a copper-based compound with a planar [CuO₄] unit, Cu₂GeO₄, that possesses an area compressibility as low as 1.58(26) TPa⁻¹ over a wide pressure range from ≈0 GPa to 21.22 GPa. Based on our structural analysis, the subtle counterbalance between the shrinkage of [CuO₄] and the expansion effect from the increase in the [CuO₄]-[CuO₄] dihedral angle attributes to the ZAC response. High-pressure Raman spectroscopy, in combination with first-principles calculations, shows that the electron transfer from in-plane bonding d_x²_-y² to out-of-plane nonbonding d_z² orbitals within copper atoms causes the counterintuitive extension of the [CuO₄]-[CuO₄] dihedral angle under pressure. Our study provides an understanding on the pressure-induced structural evolution of copper-based oxides at an electronic level and facilitates a new avenue for the exploration of high-dimensional anomalous mechanical materials.

https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X23601804

The results of experimental and theoretical studies of the coercivity and the dipole coupling field of the hysteresis loop on the thickness of the nonmagnetic interlayer in magnetic films, which are obtained via chemical deposition, are presented. Using model calculations based on the Landau–Ginzburg equations, the exchange interactions between magnetic layers with the participation of atoms from the nonmagnetic interlayer are studied. The resulting expression for the dipole coupling field describes well the exponential changes in the dipole coupling field as a function of the interlayer thickness in structures with both soft magnetic layers and layers with significantly different values of the coercivity.

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062873823704518

Planar and vertical hybrid structures, which combine ferromagnetic and semiconductor layers are essential for implementation and study of spin transport phenomena in semiconductors, which is crucial for the advancement and development of spintronics. We have developed approaches for the synthesis of Fe_{3 + x}Si_{1 – x} epitaxial thin films and demonstrated the spin accumulation effect in multiterminal devices based on Fe_{3 + x}Si_{1 – x}/Si. Fe_{3 + x}Si_{1 – x}/Ge/Fe₃Si and Fe_{3 + x}Si_{1 – x}/Ge/Mn₅Ge₃ multilayer hybrid structures were synthesized on a Si(111) substrate, study of their structural, magnetic and transport properties were performed. The effect of synthesis conditions on the growth of epitaxial structures and on their magnetic and transport properties was discussed. The results obtained may prove valuable in the development and fabrication of spintronic devices.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1402-4896/ad16b2

The microstructure and temperature of martensitic transformation of Ni₄₄Fe₁₉Ga₂₇Co₁₀ single crystals after aging at temperatures from 623 K to 1173 K were studied by electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The temperature ranges of the second phase precipitation, their lattice structure and volume fraction, and also the modification of the nanodomain structure of the L2₁+B2 high-temperature phase were determined in dependence on aging temperature. The influence of microstructure parameters on the martensitic transformation temperatures, transformation intervals and thermal hysteresis has been discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-024-06690-0

The interlayer interactions in multilayer systems with a non-magnetic semimetallic interlayer are great of interest. The magnetic and structural properties of the Dy_xCo_1-x/Bi/Py systems (17 < x < 26 at.%) have been studied. The temperature dependences of magnetization in the range 4.2–300 K were measured for the first time. The influence of the bismuth interlayer thickness on the exchange interaction between the DyCo and Py layers was found as well as the critical value of its thickness. The obtained atypical value of the period of exchange bias oscillations was explained by the formation of bismuth compounds with dysprosium–pnictogenides at bismuth thicknesses below the critical value. The interface was investigated by spectral ellipsometry in the range 2–5 eV. The information on the structure of the surface obtained by atomic force microscopy was used to create a multilayer model for fitting experimental ellipsometric data. Analysis of the optical properties showed that pnictogenide Dy₃Bi₂ is formed at the interface, which affects the general magnetic state of the samples studied.

https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6644

We summarize the current knowledge on crystal structures, synthesis, applications, and Raman spectroscopy of Wadsley phases of vanadium oxide, including VO₂ (B), V₆O₁₃, V₄O₉, V₃O₇, and V₂O₅. While these oxides have garnered significant attention for potential energy storage applications and have been studied for decades, there remains inconsistency in data regarding their characteristic Raman spectra. To address this, we synthesized a series of Wadsley phases by physical vapor deposition of amorphous vanadium oxide films and subsequent annealing in a controlled environment. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of VO₂ (B), V₆O₁₃, V₄O₉, and V₃O₇. We meticulously measured the room-temperature Raman spectra of these phases, offering robust reference data for the easy identification of vanadium oxides in unknown samples. Finally, we studied low-temperature phase transitions in VO₂ (B) and V₆O₁₃.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2024.107440

A study of heat capacity, thermal dilatation and sensitivity to hydrostatic and uniaxial pressure was carried out on single-crystal and ceramic samples of NH₄HSeO₄. The main parameters of low-temperature successive phase transitions B2 (T₁) ↔ incommensurate IC (T₂) ↔ ferroelectric P1 (T₃) ↔ non-ferroelectric did not depend on the type of samples. The behavior of the volumetric strain and the results of direct measurements of T₃(p) contributed to the resolution of the longstanding problem associated with the ambiguity of the sign of the corresponding volumetric baric coefficient. The role of thermal expansion anisotropy in the formation of the piezocaloric effect (PCE) near the ferroelectric phase transition at T₃ has been studied. Due to the strong difference in the linear baric coefficients, the main contribution to the barocaloric effect (BCE) comes from the inverse intensive and extensive PCE associated with the a-axis. Compared to a single crystal, ceramics demonstrate lower BCE values, which, however, exist in a wider temperature range, which leads to close values of integral caloric parameters. The strong decrease in both BCE and PCE at low-temperature transformations in NH₄HSeO₄ compared to the ferroelectrics NH₄HSO₄ and NH₄NH₄SO₄ is associated with a small change in entropy during three low-temperature phase transitions, ΣΔS_i = 2.52 J/mol∙K, which is a consequence of a high degree of structural ordering in selenate as a result of a high-temperature transformation at T₀ between the superionic and B2 phases, accompanied by a giant change in entropy, ΔS₀≈Rln21.

https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364023603457

Nanoparticles of Co_{1 – x}Mg_xFe₂O₄ with x equal to 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 have been synthesized. For all values of x, they are nanocrystals with a cobalt ferrite structure and an average linear size (56 ± 3) nm. Based on the analysis of the Mossbauer effect spectra, the Co²⁺ ions were shown to occupy only octahedral positions at all values of x. The experimentally obtained dependence of the nanoparticles magnetization on x corresponds to the dependence calculated using the Mossbauer effect data, except for the sample with x = 1.0. The effective magnetic anisotropy constant estimated for 0 K from the analysis of the coercive force temperature dependences decreases from 5.27 × 10⁶ at x = 0 to 1.29 × 10⁶ erg/cm3 at x = 0.8 and drops sharply to 4 × 10⁴ erg/cm³ at x = 1.0.

https://doi.org/10.1039/D3DT03437B

The magnetic and electronic structures of Fe₄O₅ have been investigated at ambient and high pressures via a combination of representation analysis, density functional theory (DFT+U) calculations, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. A few spin configurations corresponding to the different irreducible representations have been considered. The total-energy calculations reveal that the magnetic ground state of Fe₄O₅ corresponds to an orthogonal spin order. Depending on the magnetic propagation vector k, two spin-ordered phases with minimal energy differences are realized. The lowest energy magnetic phase is related to k = (0, 0, 0) and is characterized by ferromagnetic ordering of iron magnetic moments at prismatic sites along the b-axis and antiferromagnetic ordering of iron moments at octahedral sites along the c-axis. For the k = (1/2, 0, 0) phase, the moments in the prisms are antiferromagnetically ordered along the b-axis and the moments in the octahedra are still antiferromagnetically ordered along the c-axis. Under high pressure, Fe₄O₅ exhibits magnetic transitions with the corresponding electronic transitions of the metal–insulator type. At a critical pressure P_C ∼ 60 GPa, the Fe ions at the octahedral sites undergo a high-spin to low-spin state crossover with a decrease in the unit-cell volume of ∼4%, while the Fe ions at the prismatic sites remain in the high-spin state up to 130 GPa. This site-dependent magnetic collapse is experimentally observed in the transformation of Mössbauer spectra measured at room temperature and high pressures.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12792-z

Samarium monosulfide, a strain gauge and barometric material, exists in equilibrium with Sm₃S₄ and Sm₂O₂S in the S-Sm–O system. Therefore, studying phase equilibria in the refractory Sm₂S_3-X-SmS-Sm₂O₂S system is a scientifically interesting task. In this system, 49 samples were synthesized and studied by powder XRD, differential scanning calorimetry, visual thermal analysis, and microstructural analysis. Melting points of Sm₃S₄, SmS, and Sm₂O₂S compounds were determined. Eutectic diagrams of Sm₃S₄-Sm₂O₂S, SmS-Sm₂O₂S, SmS-Sm₃S₄ systems were constructed. Temperatures and compositions of the binary eutectic points were determined. Fusion enthalpies for Sm₃S₄, SmS, and Sm₂O₂S phases were estimated using the Schröder–Le Chatelier equation. The liquidus lines were calculated using second-degree polynomials and Redlich–Kister model. Coordinates of the ternary eutectic point in the Sm₃S₄-SmS-Sm₂O₂S system were calculated using the cutting-plane method and the Scheffé method. The calculated compositions of ternary eutectic points were averaged at one most probable point, in accordance with the data on the samples microstructure. The experimental temperature of the ternary eutectic point coincides with the calculated values within the margin of error. Positions of eutectic valleys and approximate positions of isotherms in the system were established. Thermodynamic parameters of the α-Sm₂S₃ → γ-Sm₂S₃ polymorphic transition and the dependence of the Sm₂S_3-X composition on heat treatment conditions were determined. According to the scanning electron microscopy data, the approximate composition of the crystallized from the melt Sm₂S₃ sample is Sm₂S_2.95. The Sm₁₀S₁₄O phase decomposes at 1470 ± 15 °C in the course of a solid-phase reaction. The phase diagram of the Sm₂S_3-X-Sm₂O₂S system was revisited. Optical band gaps of Sm₁₀S₁₄O and Sm₂O₂S phases were determined. The Sm₁₀S₁₄O compound was optically characterized for the first time; its direct and indirect optical bandgaps were found equal to 2.48 and 2.37 eV, respectively. The determined direct and indirect optical bandgaps of Sm₂O₂S (4.4 eV and 3.95 eV, respectively) agree with the earlier measurements, thus confirming the accuracy of the chosen synthesis procedures.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2023.101089

The results of a study of the dynamic (alternating current magnetic susceptibility) and static magnetic properties, as well as ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectrometry and ferromagnetic resonance of two-line ferrihydrite nanoparticle systems with varying intensities of magnetic interparticle interactions are reported. The strength of the magnetic interparticle interactions has been tuned by coating (with various degrees of coating) the ferrihydrite particles (2–4 nm in size and an average size ∼2.7 nm) of the initial synthetic sample by arabinogalactan. Also, a biogenic ferrihydrite sample (an average particle size of 2-nm) with a natural organic coating was studied and it has the weakest magnetic interparticle interactions among of all the samples. Relaxation times of the particle’s magnetic moment were determined by the data of static and dynamic magnetic susceptibilities and from analysis of ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectrometry. Based on the temperature dependences of the relaxation times, it has been concluded that the predominantly collective processes of freezing of the particle magnetic moments occur under the action of the magnetic interparticle interactions. It is shown that an important role in these processes is played by a magnetic subsystem of the surface spins of the particles. The effect of the interplay between the surface spin and magnetic moment subsystems on the static magnetic properties (low-temperature magnetic hysteresis loops) and the parameters of the microwave absorption line under the magnetic resonance conditions is discussed.